Thanks for the votes, but keep em coming! It's 50/50 at the moment with only 2 votes either way.
Tony, I'm blasting in CO2 at 1-2 bps (a rather high amount for a 10 liter) already. Can't really go much higher I don't think. Though I'm starting to wonder whether the high CO2 rate might be harming my biofiltration, therefore giving me slight ammonia buildups, causing Diatoms. Because diatoms aren't a CO2 based algae, but rather appear with excess ammonia. But then even though there's a lot of CO2, there should still be plenty of O2 in the water. CO2 only affects the abilities of haemoglobin to carry 02 as far as I know, and do bacteria have haemoglobin? I don't know, but I wouldn't think so. So that might not be the problem.
The only other cause must be that the plants are struggling and releasing ammonia. The moss is fine, so that leaves hairgrass and HC. The hairgrass was doing OK until I trimmed it, and now there is a lot of dead matter in there. But why did it react badly to trimming? Everyone recommends trimming it harshly to make it grow better. There is plenty of CO2, and plenty of ferts with 2ml TPN+ daily, 1ml extra N, 0.5ml Excel and regular water changes every couple of days. I honestly can't see why it isn't going so well.